Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Salzburg, January 27, 1756, Vienna, December 5, 1791) was a composer. He is considered one of the European composers of classical music is the most important and most famous in history. His works (about 700 songs), including piece-piece is known as a top symphonic works, chamber music, piano, music, opera and choral music. Examples of his work is the opera Don Giovanni and Die Zauberflöte. Many of Mozart's considered standard repertoire for classical music concerts and recognized as masterpieces of the classical era. His works have been ordered in the catalog Köchel-Verzeichnis.

Early period (1756-1772)

Mozart's birth house is now a museum in Salzburg, Austria

Mozart, who was known to have absolutely tuning options (that I know exactly the tone without the aid of instruments), music from birth. His father, Leopold Mozart Johann Georg was an important composer of his time, one of the most important works Kindersinfonie ( "Children's Symphony"). Wolfgang was the youngest of seven children who died prematurely. Only on Mozart and Maria Anna ( "Nannerl") to survive to adulthood. When I was four years, Mozart was able to play the harpsichord and improvising on musical works of his predecessors. He even wrote his first composition at age five. His works include the Sonata for Violin and Menuet. Leopold collected all without the knowledge of the composition of his son. Also, with Nannerl, he was a keyboard that is very reliable. Leopold, who discovered his talent that he felt "compelled" to expose them to the rest of Europe.

Playing the piano in front of the King of Bavaria

Mozart was then taken to play the piano in front of the King of Bavaria in Munich. In September 1762, Leopold took a sabbatical from his position to promote the son of the king. They then went to Vienna. That Mozart played the piano in front of the Empress Maria Theresa, who dazzled the game will be the skills and Nannerl Mozart. After the concert, Mozart's concert should be long enough that after three years in Paris (1763, 1765) and London (1764-1765). In these places, Mozart concert in front of kings and tested by them. Partly to improve threads examiner with his eyes closed a piece of cloth. Mozart was acclaimed as a prodigy in every place. In London, also met with the son of Johann Sebastian Bach, Johann Christian Bach is often called as the beginning of Bach. Mozart's piano sonatas in four hands while sitting on your lap Bach.

Symphony-Symphony Bach and Carl Friedrich Abel affect Mozart symphony, the first symphony (K.16 & K.19), which in the year 1764 and the 1765th 1767, Mozart wrote a Sonata by the composer others and making four first piano concert (K.37, K.39, K.40, K.41). In the year 1768, at the request of the Emperor in Vienna, Mozart wrote the opera buffa (comic opera), La Finta semplice (but not perform) and operetta Bastien und Bastienne.

Travel to Italy

In 1769, Mozart traveled to Italy. The results of this trip pretty well, Mozart was very productive in the creation of the band. He composed an opera Mitridati again in Ponta (1770) and Lucia Silla (1772) and both have great success in the show in Milan. Mozart Symphony also creates a lot during this trip, and influenced by Italian composers such as Sammartini. In Bologna, Mozart studied composition teachers Kontrapung best known at that time, Padre Martini.

Salzburg period (1773-1780)

Tanzmeisterhaus, where the Mozart family lived from the 1773rd

Before returning from Italy, Mozart lived with his father for ten weeks in Vienna, Leopold Mozart did not want to go back and work to "builders" of music that is not too much respect in Salzburg. Leopold tried to reach his office in Vienna, but failed. In fact, the act of Leopold children exposed throughout Europe was like an emperor of Austria.

Maestro chapel, the archbishop of Salzburg

In Vienna, Mozart heard the work of Joseph Haydn's latest and he is also friends with Michael Haydn (1737-1806), younger brother of Joseph Haydn. One of the important work on this during K.183, Symphony No. 25 in G minor (1773) and K. 201, Symphony in A major (1774). At the same time in Salzburg, Segismundo bishop died and was replaced by Hieronymous von Colloredo authoritarian and energetic. Upon his return from Italy, Mozart was a master of the chapel in Salzburg.

Bishop Colloredo not too interested in music, mainly Mozart, which was anxious for his Mozart is often undervalued. Forget the feeling of resentment at the Colloredo, Mozart has become a very diligent work, he has found his ability to create different compositions. The birthday-21, the number of compositions have reached three hundred pieces. In the year 1777 Mozart resigned his position as the Maestro, and he began his career as a freelance musician in Vienna. Important works from 1775-1777 including the sonatas of the first five Concerto for violin, piano and a concert, opera La jardinera gingida including his great work, first in Eb Major K.271.
Long journey to Paris

Mozart's family plans to go and career in Paris. Leopold, but is still associated with the Chapel of the Archbishop of the agreement can not go to Salzburg Mozart left to the company of his mother. They left in September 1777, and the ride lasts 16 months. Before reaching Paris, they stopped and stayed a while in Munich and Mannheim. In Mannheim, Mozart Cannabich friends with composer and Holzbauer. He tried to get the place where the Prince of Mannheim, but without success. The main reason for Mozart lived longer in Mannheim is because he met and fell in love with Aloysia Weber, soprano 16 years. Leopold who knows how to write a letter to say that Mozart had to decide their choice, if only to be 'street artists who will be forgotten over time or become a famous musician, loved and written in the books. "

Mozart also found the band of 6 Duett violino e Clavicembalo by Joseph Schuster and send it to Nannerl. He wrote a letter to his father, "If I stay here, I'll make half a dozen in the same style, because they sell a lot of here".

Although disappointed (but because of his love for Aloysia rejected), Mozart went to his Paris trip. In Paris, Mozart began work with tutoring, private lessons, and create songs that fit the tastes of France. Mozart had a chance to do their job by Spiritual concert. One of the most important works of K.297, Symphony No. 31 'Paris'. However, after this performance, Mozart's mother fell ill soon with a high fever and died on July 3, 1778th Friends of Mozart in Paris, a nobleman Grimm wrote to Leopold that there is no future for Mozart in Paris, mainly because of the controversy between the supporters and followers of Gluck Italian opera that Mozart did not notice.

Leopold then managed to get organized position in the Palace of Salzburg with higher wages than the previous site. Before leaving Paris, Mozart once again met with JC Bach's opera is set. It is important for the symphony 'Paris' is the Violin Sonata K.304 Sonata for Violin includes in E minor, K. 299, Concerto for Flute and Harp in C major, K.310, and Piano Sonata in A minor, one of the Mozart sonata has a dark atmosphere that was created by Mozart to his mother who died.

Back in Salzburg

Mannheim Mozart but the home of the famous Mannheim orchestra moved to Munich. Mozart and then went to Munich and lived for a time with the Weber family. Here, Mozart had a broken heart because of the soprano Aloysia place and ignoring the existence of Mozart.

Leopold became anxious because of the delay of Mozart and his responsibility for the less important post. He is concerned that the organic office gave to others.

Mozart returned to Salzburg, and he immediately got a position as organist there. Duties include playing the organ in the cathedral, royal palace and chapel, compiling orders, and teach children choir.

In 1779 and 1780 took place without much incident. Works of importance in this period, including the K. 364, Sinfonia Concertante in Eb, Symphony no. 32-34, Concerto Serenade, Divertimento, church music, including the K. 317, Coronation of Miss and K. 339, Vesparae.

Munich period (1781-1784)

Mozart, although a significant position as organist and I still can not get along with Colloredo. In the summer of 1780, Mozart's opera Idomeneo get red. Mozart saw this opportunity as a possible escape from Colloredo slowly.

Idomeneo Show success and was warmly welcomed by the public. Mozart's family then went to Augsburg to attend the carnival celebrations and the traditional parties in the city. However, unexpectedly, Colloredo was also present at the party. He was forced to go to Mozart in Vienna, with his entourage, and attended the coronation of Emperor Joseph II.

Mozart in Vienna, treated with respect as to lead to disputes with Colloredo. On May 9, 1781 Mozart had a big fight with Colloredo and asked him fired, but was denied. One month later, Mozart was fired in disgrace. He moved home Weber family in Vienna. He did not return to Salzburg.

Aloysia Weber is married to the actor, but fascinated by Mozart and Constanze Weber, the third son of the family Weber. His father did not approve Mozart's relationship. To ease tensions, Mozart moved to his home in September 1781st On December 15, 1781 Mozart acknowledged his relationship with Constanze. Leopold has not yet approved the relationship.

In fact, Mozart could not escape because of Konstanze's mother threatened when they broke up, Mozart must change the compensation money was spent.
Mozart Marriage

Constanze Weber, Mozart's wife.

On August 4, 1782 he married Constanze Mozart in the Cathedral of St. Stephen. The next day, Mozart received a letter from Leopold to approve the contents of their relationship despite the cold tone of the letter. Mozart Marriage quite happy enough, even if they face life's challenges. Mozart was always having the money crisis, but he never lived in poverty, and of six children, only two were alive.

Mozart would have lived by teaching three or four students and a rich play concert royal house in Vienna. In December 1781 Mozart performed at the Imperial Palace in the informal event by Muzio Clementi. They both make improvised individually and jointly play a sonata. Although Mozart is considered to win the race, but hopes to get a place at court unfulfilled.

On July 16, 1782, Mozart's opera "Die entfuhrung held aus dem Serail. Opera is a bubbly welcome from the public. Emperor Joseph II tells Mozart's opera to have" a lot of tone "and Mozart replied," exactly the right amount of tone, my lord " . Even Gluck's opera was asked repeated.

In the same year, he played regularly at the house of Prince Gottfried von Swieten. Swieten who are interested in baroque music was influenced by Mozart in creating a composition. Mozart kontrapung develop a style of his music.

1784, Mozart joined the Freemasons, trade unions, which supports the idea of brotherhood in God. Thanks to the unity of Mozart can borrow money at the time he needed.
The last period (1784-1791)

W. A. Mozart, 1789

Mozart's career peak in the period 1784-1786. Mozart wrote very valuable. He made twelve o'clock concert and musicologist as their major. Although the Emperor Joseph II, Mozart's go hear a concert, it does not help financially. Mozart got a position as court musician for the salary was too high.

Performances in Prague

Le nozze of Figaro ( "Marriage Figaro") was first performed in Vienna in 1786, and Mozart's success took him to Prague (Czech capital) and greater success.

Mozart wrote several works again among others, K. 505, Symphony No. 38 in D major "Prague". Thanks success Le nozze Figaro, Mozart eager to create new ones, including the opera Don Giovanni, a comic opera. Mozart for the first time put the trombone in his operas, it has resulted in formation of a very dramatic effect. 1787, Leopold died and influence enough Mozart.
Symphony, Mozart's last symphony

Symphony, Mozart's last symphony, Symphony No. 39, 40, and 41 'Jupiter' does not know whether they were performed before Mozart died or not. In the spring of 1789, Mozart went to Berlin to appear as a pianist in front of the Prince of Saxony in Dresden, he also played organ at the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. He also played a private concert in front of Friedrich Wilhelm II, on his visit to Potsdam and Berlin. Wilhelm II asked him to appoint six six piano quartet piano sonatas, which unfortunately did not get resolved by Mozart.
He returned to Vienna and Mozart's death

Back to Vienna, Mozart's opera staged, Die Zauberflöte (The Magic Flute "). Opera was a great success, its libretto was written by Emanuel Schikaneder (1751-1812). After he finished the opera, Mozart received an order Prince Franz von Walsegg to Requiem, which is intended to make the composition of the memory of his dead wife. Mozart was not able to finish this great job, and continued his pupil, Franz Xaver Süßmayr. According to some sources, was not able to sing Mozart's Lacrimosa as part of the song playing with your friends. of dark music, Franz Beyer commented, the album Requiem 'I can hear Mozart's voice, which speaks to their interests, along with emergency situations, such as a sick child and see the hope and fear of separation. " Mozart also experienced the fear of death. On December 5, 1791, Mozart died, one in the morning.

The cause of Mozart's death recorded clearly. Musicologist made several allegations about the possibility of why Mozart's grave location is unknown.

1st Salieri poisoned Mozart, which is a rival. There are magazines in Europe, says that Salieri confessed before he died in his bed (1825), although there are other stories that oppose it.
2nd In Mozart's funeral, so that blizzard could not follow the family funeral. This story was denied by the Vienna time records.
3rd Mozart's body was transferred to another position, because his family could not pay the funeral expenses.

Ludwig van Beethoven (Baptized December 17, 1770 in Bonn, dyed March 26, 1827 in Vienna) is a Classical Music Composer from Germany. His work is the famous fifth and ninth symphonies, and piano songs fur Elise. He is Regarded as one of the largest Composers and a Living figure in the Transitional period between the Classical period and romantic period. During his youth, he was a talented pianist, popular among the important people and rich in Vienna, Austria, where he Lived. However, in 1801, he Started to be deaf.

Deafness Became worse and in 1817 he Became completely deaf. Although he no long can act in concert, he Continued to make music, and at the time to create some of his work is the greatest. He Lived the rest of his life in Vienna and never married.

Ludwig van Beethoven, Circa 1804
Family and youth
Family

Beethoven's grandfather, Lowy Ludwig van Beethoven (1712-1773) Served as a singer in the palace chapel train. His father, johann van Beethoven (1740-1792) work as a tenor singer for the Prince of train (from 1752). His mother was Mari magdalene keveritsh (1767-1787). Johann van Beethoven's piano practice to force their children for an hour because he wanted his son to his 'child prodigy' as Mozart. Beethoven Conducted its first concert on March 26, 1778 but his ability is equivalent to Mozart in the same time.

Beethoven's birth house

Youth

Beethoven's first composition teacher was Christian gottlob neefe (1748-1798). Neefe who saw the musical talent to play beethoven Beethoven learn Compositions of cheek and how to Improvise, he also help beethoven publish his first work (1783). In a music magazine, neefe written that beethoven can be a 'Mozart' moment if he Continued his career.

Beethoven at the age of 13 years

Prince train, Franz handwriting insole appoint as deputy beethoven neefe in organ and Harpsichord Playing. In 1783, Beethoven Published three Sonatas Dedicated to Prince Franz, but since he has not received a salary from her work, Beethoven's request to be Formally Representative neefe. The petition is Granted in the year 1784. In 1785, beethoven Composed three piano tryos for the Prince but the task is not Published to Beethoven dyed. In the same time, beethoven studied music at the Franz rice.

In 1787, beethoven to Vienna on the orders of Prince. Is he a little Mozart and Playing the piano in front of him. Mozart is Impressed with Beethoven, and he said that Beethoven can be a great musician in the future. Beethoven's visit is only temporary because the money is gone, he was also called back to train because his mother was seriously ill from tuberkulosis, who later Claimed his life on July 17, 1787. Beethoven's burden of taking care of her Siblings were young. Because his father drunk and spending money for alcohol, beethoven's father requested that the salary determined to him. Beethoven at a steady income by giving piano lessons to the royal family.

Studied to cure

In 1792, Joseph Hyde was living in Vienna for a while on his way to London. Prince valdstein, one of beethoven's close friend of Prince Franz Persuaded to finance the trip Beethoven to Vienna to teach composition in the cure.

Lessons on Hyde Beethoven did not go well. Hyde's Teachers are friendly and nice but he did not give much attention and did not correct his job with care. Hot beethoven grateful though her lack of Understanding musical Ideas. Without the knowledge of healing beethoven studied composition under the Guidance of johann stshenk. Prince Franz called back to train Beethoven but Beethoven Chose to stay in Vienna and a career there until he patience.

In the time of healing to London in early 1794, beethoven studied composition in the johann texture albertshtsberger and Antonio salyeri. Beethoven Began his career in Vienna as a pianist. In March 1795, Community transfer beethoven piano konserto in bb major, away. 19, he also paid a visit to Prague, Dresden, leipzig and Berlin in 1796.

Vienna

Early career

In the beginning of his career in Vienna, beethoven is for Receiving a salary from the Prince Franz, except that he was also Assisted by several noblemen who supported, among others, Prince Karl Von litshnovski. Beethoven Dedicated the Sonata to him one of the most famous piano, Sonata in C my 'pathetikve', away. 13. Perry Wayne is a Fairly productive time for Beethoven. Komposityons that he Composed, among other Symphony no. 1 and 2, five piano Sonatas, with 'moonlight' Sonata and the 'pastorale' Sonata, violin Sonata fourth and fifth (op. 23 and away. 24), Variations on bei mannern Cello, Welsh love's feeling Mozart, Quintet away. 18, septet in major Ltd., away. 20, and Quintet, away. 29. Beethoven was not only popular as a Virtuoso pianist but also as a Composer. His students come mostly from aristocracy Families.

Began a time of Deafness

Not immediately -1801, beethoven Realized that his hearing power Began to decline due to otoslerosis. A letter found in a house in heiligenstadt Beethoven near Vienna known as the 'heritage heiligenstadt' contains Beethoven's how sad it was Experiencing due to illness. Her grief is the same because at that Beethoven was not the pinnacle of his career. Because of the disease, beethoven Became depressed and he Became Increasingly Socially worse. One other reason for her depression beethoven was because he managed to get 'a life'. Many delicate care that often Loved but generally Unrequited love.

Apart from the sadness

In 1802, beethoven came from kemuramannia. He Continued Composing. In 1803 she Performed piano concert in major Ltd., away. 37 and then as a soloist. In the same year also Played beethoven's Violin Sonata away. 47 Owned by Virtuoso Violinist George polgreen bridgetover (1799-1860) and Presented the work to Rudolf kreutzer.

Symphony no. 3 Erika

In Composing Symphony no. 1805. 3 in darkness 'eroika', away. 55. According to his friend, Ferdinand Reyes, beethoven Tor the original title Symphony Dedicated to Napoleon Bonaparte's. Beethoven is furious after Knowing that Napoleon Declared himself emperor of France. Beethoven Changed the original title of the symphony, 'Bonaparte' and write 'sinfonia eroika. Komposta Per festiggyare Jill sovvenire de un big 'told' that means 'Erica Symphony, written to Commemorate the great man'.

Preparation 'sinfonia Del Grande intitolata Bonaparte sigre' Contained in the manuscript copies of the First Symphony and beethoven's second Forcibly removed and left the previous hole. However, beethoven's only for a moment of anger because a few months after the Coronation of Napoleon, beethoven sent a letter to breitkopf & Hartel 'title of the symphony is Actually Bonaparte' and in 1810 he wrote that 'the mass can also Dedicated to Napoleon '. Symphony is Performed at the residence of Prince lobkovitz at the end of 1804.

New composition Styles

With the eroika symphony, beethoven Shows the position who wish to fight with the depression and not to be Outdone by the disease. By Carl Czerny, pupil, beethoven Tried to force the new composition while working on three piano Sonatas, away. 31. The results China in three of his Sonatas, piano Sonata in C major 'valdstein', away. 53, piano Sonata in F major, away. 54, and piano Sonata in and my 'appasyonata', away. 57. But Beethoven never Grumbled by Cherney that he was a bit upset because the public just as the 'moonlight' Sonata of his that he can be songs that are better than the next.

Beethoven's fifth symphony as a symphony which is Considered to start a new fashion. In the symphony, it is kind of a note rate March. The once Happened in the days before Beethoven.

Performing the opera fidelyo

In the year 1805, a theater Performing beethoven's opera, fidelyo, the original title Leonard. But the idea did not succeed because in a few days earlier, Wayne is Conquered by Napoleon. Fidelyo by Beethoven Revised twice, in 1806 and 1814. Beethoven is also created four Overture to fidelyo Entitled Leonard Overture no. 1, 2, and 3. 4 Overture to fidelyo Overture Named.

Surely beethoven not have fixed Incomes. He has just received an Honorarium to Completion of order or have his music Published. On December 22, 1808, Beethoven concert to raise money in the theaters of Vienna. The Concert, Featuring many new works of Beethoven, Including Symphony no. 5 in C I, away. And Symphony no. 67. 6 in F major, away. 68, piano Concerto no. 4, and fantasyen, away. 80. The concert was not known kesuxannia Financially.

Want to move from Vienna

In the year 1808, beethoven really want to move and work on jerome Napoleon in 2400 paid kassel Guilders / year. However, his Friends from the Nobles, included Prince Rudolf, Prince lobkovitz, and kinski said Beethoven to remain with their insurance will pay the Salaries of beethoven for 4000 guilders per year. Beethoven also Campos piano concerto no. 5 in B Flat Major 'Emperor', away. 73, Dedicated to Prince Rudolf and string quartet in E Flat Major, away. 74. In the same year, Napoleon Reoccupy the city of Vienna so many Nobles who at Fled from there. Beethoven created the piano sonata in darkness 'hopped adyeux', away. 81 a.

Financial crisis

In the year 1811, beethoven is more depressed in the difficult time. Especially since he has not managed to get a pair. One woman said he nut is kountess therese malfatti, but He Declined. Beethoven is also Experiencing financial crisis due to a decline in paper currency in Vienna. The cost of money in a fifth of new currency. Beethoven also in a disagreement with his brother, johann. However, beethoven's symphony no. Started working. 7 in A major, away. 92 and finished in early 1812.

In the spring of 1812, Visited Beethoven in teplitz Spa and a few with johann Wolfgang von Goethe, a man he most Admired since childhood. On December 8, 1813, "a symphony of beethoven 'war' Entitled Wellington's Victor. Some famous Composers such as hummel, mayseder, mostsheles, and salyeri, took part in the performance of the symphony.

Great concert

On November 29, 1814, performing Beethoven's fidelyo was a huge success. Most members of Congress of Vienna to watch the opera. Outside of that success, beethoven's hearing more and Getting worse. The situation is Getting worse because of beethoven's Demanding Rates for Foster Parents nephew, Karl. Beethoven idea of Carl's mother is not able to care for her niece. Beethoven One of the case but he is not a good father to Karl. The boy Eventually Became depressed and Started Hanging with gang naughty children. The peak was in 1826, when Karl Tried to commit suicide. Makes the beethoven's pretty depressed. More Recovering, Karl returned to his mother and to military school.

In the year 1817, beethoven come from depression and sadness. This is shown by the time he Makes piano Sonata in A major, away. 101. In the year 1817, beethoven Composed some of the composition to an English writer, Richard Ford. However, the work not previously known to be found in England in 1999. In Addition, beethoven also Began planning to Compose a piano Sonata of his most Revolutionary, piano sonata in bb 'hammerklavyer', away. 106.

Missa solemnis

In the year 1822, Beethoven Composed the missa solemnis for the Coronation of Prince Rudolf as Bishop of olomouk in 1819. Beethoven's symphony is also starting to draw his -9.

The old offset of beethoven

On May 7, 1824, Performing beethoven's missa solemnis and the 9th Symphony in Vienna. The concert was a huge success. But it was news saying that beethoven did not realize that the concert at party and Continued reading Scores. Caroline unger, one of the alto soloist in the symphony of beethoven by to haul the clothes that she would turn around and look at the audience that Applauded with great Fanfare.

In 1826, beethoven Suffered from high fever which is caused by kidney problems. The disease is further help and patience on March 26, 1827.